Cement Decarbonization: Paving the Way to a Sustainable Future
Cement, an essential ingredient in construction and infrastructure development, is a major contributor to global carbon emissions, responsible for nearly 2.3 billion tons of carbon dioxide, approximately 6.5% of the world's CO2 emissions. The cement industry faces mounting pressure to decarbonize and embrace sustainable practices.1
During the cement synthesis process, limestone and silica undergo calcination at high temperatures (1450°C/2642°F) to produce "clinker," a crucial binder. This calcination releases CO2 from limestone (CaCO3), leading to the formation of CaO. This reaction is also essential for regenerating calcium oxide when used as a CO2 adsorbent. Consequently, nearly 60% of the total CO2 emissions in the cement synthesis process originate from the release of CO2 during limestone calcination in the calciner.2
Researchers are exploring various options to decarbonize this process, including substituting limestone with materials like magnesium oxychloride or finding alternatives to clinker.3 The adoption of alternative cementitious materials such as fly ash, slag, and silica fume, which can partially replace traditional cement clinker, is one of the main approaches considered nowadays.
Both the public and private sectors play a vital role in driving cement decarbonization. Governments can incentivize sustainable practices through policies and regulations, while companies must commit to adopting greener technologies and investing in research and development.
References:
1. Tracking Industry 2020 | Policy Commons